Are you considering building a new product? As exciting as this might be, it can be a risky endeavour. After all, there's always the possibility that the product you're investing your time and money into won't be received well by your target audience. But don't worry, there's a way to test your idea in the real world without much risk: through a Minimum Viable Product (MVP).

However, there is no one-size-fits-all approach when it comes to MVPs. Different types of MVPs work better for different types of businesses and products. This article will explore the different types of minimum viable products and how they can benefit your business.

Table of contents

What is a MVP?
Types of MVPs
Low-Fidelity MVPs types
    ➤  The landing page MVP
    ➤  Marketing campaign MVP
    ➤  Email campaign MVP
    ➤  The fake door MVP
High-Fidelity MVPs types
    ➤  Pre-order MVP
    ➤  Piecemeal MVP
    ➤  Single-feature MVP
    ➤  Wizard of Oz MVP
    ➤  Concierge MVP
What type of MVP is best for you?
Conclusion
FAQs

What is a MVP?

An MVP is not just a half-baked version of your product; it's a strategic approach to validate your product idea in the real market scenario. Instead of diving headfirst into full-scale development, an MVP allows you to present the core essence of your product to your target audience.

By doing so, you can gauge their reactions, gather invaluable feedback, and iterate accordingly. Think of it as a safety net, ensuring that you're on the right track before you invest more time, effort, and resources.

Different MVP types cater to various business needs, but the underlying principle remains the same: test, learn, and refine.

"As you consider building your own minimum viable product, let this simple rule suffice: remove any feature, process, or effort that does not contribute directly to the learning you seek." - Eric Ries, The Lean Startup

Types of MVPs

The top reasons for startup failure are:

  • 35% - there's no market need,
  • 20% - they get outcompeted,
  • 10% - they mistimed their product.

That's why every business should build a MVP: to test the concept with your colleagues or potential customers before launching the product or service.

When it comes to building a Minimum Viable Product (MVP), there are different types you can create to test the viability of your product. Two categories that MVPs fall under are low-fidelity and high-fidelity MVPs.

Low-fidelity MVPs are rough, simple product versions that focus on testing the core idea. On the other hand, high-fidelity MVPs are more polished versions of the product that simulate the real product experience. Let's take a closer look at these two types of MVPs.

Table comparing two types of MVP: low-fidelity and high-fidelity MVPs.
Table comparing low-fidelity and high-fidelity MVPs

Low-Fidelity MVPs types

The landing page MVP

The landing page MVP is a type of MVP that focuses on validating interest and demand for your product or service through a simple and visually appealing landing page. This approach involves creating a single web page that provides information about your product or service and includes a call-to-action (CTA) to encourage visitors to sign up or learn more.

This type of MVP is an excellent way to test the market with minimal investment. It allows you to gauge interest and demand for your product before investing in development. By measuring the conversion rate of your landing page (i.e., the percentage of visitors who sign up or take action), you can gain valuable insights into the viability of your product idea.

Pros:

  • Quick to set up
  • Low cost
  • Tests demand for your product

Cons:

  • Limited information
  • Limited user engagement
  • Cannot test product usability

When to use:

  • When you want to test demand for your product
  • When you have limited time or budget

Examples:

  • Dropbox's famous landing page MVP tested whether there was a demand for their cloud storage service before it was even built.
  • Buffer's MVP was just a landing page that described their social media scheduling tool and asked for email addresses.

Marketing campaign MVP

A Marketing campaign MVP is a type of MVP that involves creating and launching a targeted marketing campaign to validate customer demand for a product or service before investing in full-scale development.

Creating and launching a targeted marketing campaign can gauge customer interest, identify target demographics, and generate valuable feedback before investing in full-scale development.

To create a Marketing campaign MVP, start by identifying the core value proposition of your product or service and crafting a clear and compelling message that communicates that value proposition to your target audience. Next, create marketing materials that convey this message to your target audience, such as a landing page or social media posts. Use these marketing materials to generate interest and capture leads.

Gather feedback from your leads and identify opportunities for improvement.

Pros:

  • Can generate a significant amount of traffic
  • Tests demand for your product
  • Can build an early user base

Cons:

  • Can be expensive
  • Limited user engagement
  • Cannot test product usability

When to use:

  • When you want to test demand for your product
  • When you have a marketing budget

Examples:

  • Airbnb's MVP was a Craigslist ad that offered to rent out air mattresses in their apartment to conference attendees. This simple marketing campaign validated their idea and led to the creation of the world's largest accommodation-sharing platform.
  • Dropbox also used a marketing campaign MVP to generate buzz and drive traffic to their landing page.

Email campaign MVP

Email marketing campaigns can be an effective way to test demand for a product or feature, since there are over 4 billion email users worldwide.

An email campaign MVP is a type of MVP that involves creating and launching an email marketing campaign to validate customer demand for a product or service.

To create an email campaign MVP, start by crafting a clear and compelling message that communicates the value proposition of your product or service to your target audience. Next, create a targeted email list and craft personalised email messages that display this message to your target audience.

Use these email messages to validate demand for your product and build an early user base. Gather feedback from your leads and identify opportunities for improvement. Use this feedback to refine a solution that meets your customers' needs.

Pros:

  • Low cost
  • Can generate early sales
  • Tests demand for your product

Cons:

  • Limited information
  • Limited user engagement
  • Cannot test product usability

When to use:

  • When you want to test demand for your product
  • When you have a list of potential customers to reach out to

Examples:

  • Harry's, a shaving subscription service, used an email campaign MVP to validate their product idea and generate pre-orders.
  • AppSumo, a daily deals website, used an email campaign MVP to build an early user base.

The fake door MVP

The fake door MVP involves creating a fake or dummy landing page or button for a product or service to gauge customer interest and measure conversion rates.

To create a fake door MVP, create a landing page or button that communicates the product or service value proposition and allows customers to express their interest or intent to purchase.

Use your landing page or button to measure customer interest and conversion rates. Before investing in full-scale development, a fake door MVP can help you identify potential issues with your offering, such as pricing or messaging. It tests whether there is demand for a specific product or element before you invest time and resources in building it.

Pros:

  • Quick to set up
  • Low cost
  • Tests demand for a specific product or feature

Cons:

  • Limited information
  • Limited user engagement
  • Cannot test product usability

When to use:

  • When you have a specific product or feature idea
  • When you want to test demand before investing in the development

Examples:

  • Product Hunt used a fake door MVP to test demand for a feature that allowed users to follow specific topics on the site.
  • Groupon used a fake door MVP to test demand for their daily deals before investing in building the site.

Why building a  Minimum Viable Product matters

High-Fidelity MVPs types

Pre-order MVP

A pre-order MVP allows customers to pre-order a product or service before it's fully developed or released. Startups and entrepreneurs often use this approach to validate customer demand and generate revenue before investing in full-scale development.

To create a pre-order MVP, create a landing page or website that generates interest and allows customers to pre-order your product or service.

A pre-order MVP can help you build a loyal customer base before your product or service is fully developed or released. And it's an effective way to validate demand and generate early sales.

Pros:

  • Can generate early sales
  • Validates demand for your product
  • Provides early feedback from users

Cons:

  • Requires a working prototype
  • It can be risky if you fail to deliver on your promises

When to use:

  • When you have a working prototype
  • When you need to generate early revenue

Examples:

  • Oculus used a pre-order MVP to generate over $2 million in revenue before launching their virtual reality headset.
  • Pebble used a pre-order MVP to generate over $10 million in revenue before launching their smartwatch.

Piecemeal MVP

The Piecemeal MVP is a type of MVP that involves building and launching a product or service in small, incremental stages. This approach consists in breaking down the product or service into smaller components and launching each part individually to validate its value proposition and gather feedback from early adopters.

To create a Piecemeal MVP, start by identifying the key components of your product or service and breaking them down into smaller, manageable pieces. Launch each element individually, beginning with the part that is most critical to the core value proposition of your product or service.

Use the insights from early adopters at each stage and use this feedback to refine and improve the following components.

Pros:

  • Allows you to iterate based on user feedback
  • Validates demand for each feature
  • Can build a loyal user base

Cons:

  • Requires a clear product roadmap
  • It can take longer to build and release the full product

When to use:

  • When you have a clear product roadmap
  • When you want to validate demand for each feature

Examples:

  • Slack released a piecemeal MVP that started with just one feature - group messaging - before adding more features over time.
  • Instagram started with a photo-sharing feature before adding more features like filters and videos.

Single-feature MVP

The single-feature MVP involves developing and releasing a product or service with only one core feature or functionality.

To create a single-feature MVP, identify the element essential to delivering the value proposition and develop a minimal viable product incorporating this feature.

Refine your product or service offering based on this feedback and use the insights gained to identify additional features or functionality that could be incorporated into future versions.

A single-feature MVP can also help you build a loyal customer base and generate revenue early on.

Pros:

  • Validates demand for a specific feature
  • Can build a loyal user base around that feature
  • It can be quick and easy to build

Cons:

  • Limited product offering
  • Limited revenue potential

When to use:

  • When you have one key feature that sets your product apart
  • When you want to validate demand before investing in more features

Examples:

  • Uber started with a single feature - on-demand rides - before adding more features like food delivery and bike-sharing.
  • Dropbox's MVP focused on one key feature - cloud storage and file sharing - before adding more features like document editing and team collaboration.

Wizard of Oz MVP

The Wizard of Oz MVP is a type of MVP that involves manually simulating a fully functional product or service to validate the core value proposition and customer experience. This approach creates the illusion of a fully functional product or service. But, behind the scenes, the product or service is manually operated or delivered by human beings.

Gather detailed feedback and identify opportunities for improvement before investing in full-scale development.

Pros:

  • Low cost
  • Tests demand for your product
  • Provides early feedback from users

Cons:

  • It can be time-consuming to simulate a fully functioning product
  • It can be difficult to scale if demand is high

When to use:

  • When you have a complex product idea
  • When you want to test demand before investing in development

Examples:

  • Zappos used a Wizard of Oz MVP to test demand for their online shoe store by taking pictures of shoes at a local shoe store and posting them online.
  • Dropbox's MVP also used a Wizard of Oz approach by simulating file sharing behind the scenes before building the product.

Concierge MVP

By working closely with a select group of early adopters, you can validate your product or service idea and develop a solution that meets the needs of your target market.

To create a Concierge MVP, start by identifying a small group of potential customers who are likely to be early adopters of your product or service. Reach out to these customers directly and offer them a personalized experience that delivers the core value proposition of your product or service.

This could involve providing one-on-one consultations, personalized service, or even manual delivery of your product or service. Use these interactions to gather detailed feedback from your early adopters and identify opportunities for improvement.

Once you've gained insights from your Concierge MVP, use this feedback to refine your product or service offering and develop a scalable solution.

Pros:

  • Validates demand for your product
  • Provides early feedback from users
  • Allows you to test different pricing models

Cons:

  • Can be time-consuming
  • It can be challenging to scale

When to use:

  • When you have a complex product idea
  • When you want to test different pricing models

Examples:

  • Airbnb used a concierge MVP by manually renting out air mattresses in their living room to early users before investing in building their platform.

What type of MVP is best for you?

Choosing the correct type of MVP depends on your specific product and business goals.

If you have a simple product idea and want to validate demand quickly, a low-fidelity MVP like a landing page or marketing campaign may be the best option. Suppose you have a more complex product idea and want to test demand before investing in development. In that case, a high-fidelity MVP like a pre-order or wizard of oz approach may be better suited.

It's essential to consider your resources, timeline, and product roadmap when choosing the right type of MVP for your business.

Conclusion

A minimum viable product is a crucial part of the product development process. It allows you to test demand, validate your idea, and collect feedback from early users before investing in full-scale development.

By choosing the right type of MVP for your product and business goals, you can set yourself up for success and minimize risk in the early stages of development.

Read here if you want to know everything about Minimum Viable Product - the ultimate guide.

And dive into the MVP world with Imaginary Cloud as your guide. We help startups choose the right MVP strategy and craft impactful assets.

Contact our experts for tailored advice. From idea inception to market launch, we're here to elevate your vision. Let's turn your ideas into success together!

FAQs

Q: Is it necessary to launch an MVP before building a complete product?
A: No, it's not necessary, but it's highly recommended as it allows you to minimize risk and gain valuable feedback from early adopters.

Q: How many features should an MVP have?
A: It is only necessary for an MVP to have a few features to satisfy early adopters and provide feedback to enable future development.

Q: Can I use multiple types of MVPs for my product?
A: Yes, you can use multiple types of MVPs to test different aspects of your product. For example, you could use a Landing Page MVP to test demand and an Explainer Video MVP to test the user experience.

Q: Can I still change my product after launching an MVP?
A: Yes, an MVP is just the starting point. You can and should make changes to your product based on feedback and insights from your early adopters.


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